(1) Clinical Informatics Baystate Medical Center, Springfield, MA; (2) Critical Care Baystate Medical Center, Springfield, MA; (3) Pharmacy Baystate Medical Center, Springfield, MA; (4) Patient Care Baystate Medical Center, Springfield, MA; (5) Information Services Baystate Medical Center, Springfield, MA

(1) Charles B Wang Community Health Center, New York; (2) Optmus Health Care, Connecticut

(1) Department of Biomedical Informatics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN; (2) Department of Veterans Affairs, Tennessee Valley Healthcare System, Nashville, TN

(1) College of Nursing and Health Professions, Drexel University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; (2) Department of Health Policy and Management; (3) Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, Johns Hopkins Berman Institute of Bioethics, Baltimore, Maryland

(1) Department of Pediatric Surgery, Childrens Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90027; (2) Information Sciences Institute, University of Southern California, Marina Del Rey, CA, 90292

(1) Duke University Health System and Duke University Medical System, Durham, NC, USA

(1) Center for Quality and Productivity Improvement, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin; (2) Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin; (3) Geisinger Health System, Danville, Pennsylvania

(1) Advocate Health Care, Oakbrook, IL

(1) Hoffmann-La Roche, Inc.; (2) Seoul National Medical University; (3) University of Utah; (4) Intermountain Health Care; (5) Utah Department of Health

(1) Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Department of Biomedical Informatics; (2) University of Kansas Medical Center, Department of Biostatistics

(1) University of Colorado Denver School of Medicine, Department of Medicine; (2) University of Colorado Denver School of Public Health, Department of Preventive Medicine and Biometrics; (3) Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado Denver School of Medicine, and the Children's Outcomes Research Program, The Children's Hospital; (4) Department of Family Medicine, University of Colorado Denver School of Medicine and the Colorado Health Outcomes Program; (5) Department of Pediatrics, Department of Preventive Medicine and Biometrics, University of Colorado Denver School of Medicine, The Children’s Hospital; (6) Denver Public Health, Denver Health and the University of Colorado Denver School of Medicine

(1) Brigham & Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; (2) Partners HealthCare, Boston, MA, USA; (3) Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; (4) American Medical Informatics Association, Bethesda, MD, USA; (5) Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA; (6) University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA; (7) Northwestern Memorial Hospital, Chicago, IL, USA; (8) CareGroup Healthcare System, Boston, MA, USA; (9) New York Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY, USA; (10) Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, USA; (11) University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA; (12) American Medical Association, Chicago, IL, USA (retired); (13) Institute for Safe Medication Practices, Horsham, PA, USA

(1) Seattle Children’s Hospital, Seattle Washington; (2) Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle Washington